Identity

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Francis Fukuyama
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Farrar, Straus and Giroux 2018-9-11 Hardcover 9780374129293

具体描述

Francis Fukuyama is the Olivier Nomellini Senior Fellow at Stanford University’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. He has previously taught at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University and at the George Mason University School of Public Policy. Fukuyama was a researcher at the RAND Corporation and served as the deputy director for the State Department’s policy planning staff. He is the author of Political Order and Political Decay, The Origins of Political Order, The End of History and the Last Man, Trust, and America at the Crossroads: Democracy, Power, and the Neoconservative Legacy. He lives with his wife in California.

The New York Times bestselling author of The Origins of Political Order offers a provocative examination of modern identity politics: its origins, its effects, and what it means for domestic and international affairs of state

In 2014, Francis Fukuyama wrote that American institutions were in decay, as the state was progressively captured by powerful interest groups. Two years later, his predictions were borne out by the rise to power of a series of political outsiders whose economic nationalism and authoritarian tendencies threatened to destabilize the entire international order. These populist nationalists seek direct charismatic connection to “the people,” who are usually defined in narrow identity terms that offer an irresistible call to an in-group and exclude large parts of the population as a whole.

Demand for recognition of one’s identity is a master concept that unifies much of what is going on in world politics today. The universal recognition on which liberal democracy is based has been increasingly challenged by narrower forms of recognition based on nation, religion, sect, race, ethnicity, or gender, which have resulted in anti-immigrant populism, the upsurge of politicized Islam, the fractious “identity liberalism” of college campuses, and the emergence of white nationalism. Populist nationalism, said to be rooted in economic motivation, actually springs from the demand for recognition and therefore cannot simply be satisfied by economic means. The demand for identity cannot be transcended; we must begin to shape identity in a way that supports rather than undermines democracy.

Identity is an urgent and necessary book―a sharp warning that unless we forge a universal understanding of human dignity, we will doom ourselves to continuing conflict.

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##能用阶级矛盾解释的问题 披上身份的外皮

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我们终其一生都在问一个关于“我是谁”的问题。 家人说:“你是你爸的儿子,你爷爷的孙子,你要给咱家传宗接代。” 宗教说:“你是上帝的儿子,你的使命是在人间传福音。” 资本家说:“你是流水线上的齿轮,是我发家致富的人口红利。” 马克思说:“你是先进的无产阶级,要起...  

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##起初想看这本书以为是在讲女性的身份认同(我这个脑回路有点清奇,一个男人写的怎么可能?),在繁体的暴击下和同学们的鼓励下,我终于忍着福山那股子精英味儿给看完了,哦,是在写移民、种族主义问题。行吧,也许在福山眼里,全世界的女性都平等的占据着半边天吧,所以她们没...  

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##福山在本书前言的第一句就开门见山地写道,如果特朗普没有当选总统,他就不会写这本书了。这完全可以理解。 是欣赏他敢于对抗政治正确的禁忌也好,是出于两害相权取其轻的考量也罢,无论是基于什么样的理由,假如像特朗普这样一个人物都能够当选美国总统,本身就说明美国民主制...  

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我们终其一生都在问一个关于“我是谁”的问题。 家人说:“你是你爸的儿子,你爷爷的孙子,你要给咱家传宗接代。” 宗教说:“你是上帝的儿子,你的使命是在人间传福音。” 资本家说:“你是流水线上的齿轮,是我发家致富的人口红利。” 马克思说:“你是先进的无产阶级,要起...  

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