　　《苹果英语：2014张剑考研阅读理解精练100篇》旨在为考生提供选材新颖、内容丰富、针对性强、符合命题趋势的考前阅读理解强化训练材料。
　　英语阅读理解能力是考生必须具备的一种较强的英语综合能力，包括对英语文章中词汇的理解能力、对句子的分析能力和对篇章的把握能力。这种综合能力要求考生：
　　一、掌握丰富的词汇量，能够运用词汇猜测技巧，根据上下文领会生词的基本含义；
　　二、不仅能快速理解简单句子和一般难度句子的结构和大意，而且能准确分析和把握结构复杂、词语繁多的难句、长句；
　　三、能够掌握文章的篇章结构，通过词语、句子、段落这些表面具体的语言信息深入理解文章句子及段落间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的关系；
　　四、能够掌握文章的中心思想、主题、主旨及论证文章中心大意的具体事实和细节，并能就文章的内容进行分析、推理、判断和综合概括，领会作者的观点、态度和意图，推断文章的体裁、写作对象和作者身份等。
　　另外，考生要在考试中取得满意的成绩，不仅需要进行广泛、大量的阅读，提高阅读速度和技能，而且还要在阅读过程中掌握有效的答题方法，培养并提高推断能力和概括能力。

作者简介

　　张剑，北京外国语大学英语学院教授、博士生导师，英语学院副院长。1984年毕业于南京大学外语系，1993年获英国格拉斯哥大学博士学位。连续多年参与全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题的命题工作，并曾参与英语专业四、八级考试，北京市高等教育自学考试和全国高考口试等工作。

内页插图

第一部分考试大纲要求及试题特点分析
一、大纲要求
二、考试形式和内容
三、文章选材特点及来源
四、文章语言特点及难度
五、对比大学英语四、六级
六、阅读理解题的变化及发展趋势

第二部分阅读必备的基本功及备考策略
一、词汇
二、句子和语法
三、篇章

第三部分题型特点分析与解题技巧
一、阅读理解测试题型、重点及难点
二、主旨、要义题
三、事实、细节题
四、推理、引申题
五、观点、态度题
六、词义、句意题
七、选择搭配题

第四部分阅读理解Part A精练60篇
Unit 1
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 2
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 3
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 4
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 5
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 6
参考译文及试题详解
Unit7
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 8
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 9
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 10
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 11
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 12
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 13
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 14
参考译文及试题详解
Unit 15
参考译文及试题详解

第五部分阅读理解Part B精练40篇
段落完型填空题20篇
段落大意及试题详解
段落排序题10篇
段落大意及试题详解
论点论据搭配题10篇
段落大意及试题详解

精彩书摘

　　The break from community involvement whether it meant dropping out from a book club or no longer participating in the PTA continued for the remainder of the workers' lives， not just for the period of unemployment， according to the study.
　　"Social engagement often involves an element of social trust and a sense that things are reciprocal that you give some support if you get some support， and you benefit from society if society benefits from you，" study lead author Jennie Brand， a UCLA sociologist， said in a university news release， "When workers are displaced， the tendency is to feel as though the social contract has been violated， and we found that they are less likely to reciprocate. "
　　The findings， which examined the long-term impact of job displacement on social participation， were published in the September issue of the journal Social Forces.The research was based on information from a study that tracked 4，373 Wisconsin high school graduates （class of 1957） for more than 45 years.Displaced workers were most likely to withdraw from participating in youth and community groups， followed by church and church groups， charitable organizations and leisurely activities， such as country club attendance.
　　Professional organizations were the least likely to be affected by a disruption of employment.
　　The social withdrawal occurred most with those displaced during their peak earning years between 35 and 53 years of age. Employees who lost jobs near the end of their careers were less likely to withdraw than workers who were displaced earlier in their careers.
　　"Being laid off doesn't appear to be as socially damaging for older workers as younger ones， " Brand said， "The shame factor of downsizing your lifestyle just isn't there because your peers may be downsizing as well and you can play off your displacement as an early retirement even though it may be forced retirement. " The findings have considerable influences not just for society， but also for the individual's attempt to find new work， Brand contended. Brand said charities and community groups might want to work harder at reaching out to displaced workers for the good of the organization and for the worker's own good.
　　……
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