粒子物理学标准模型导论（第2版） [An Introduction to the Standard Model of Particle Physics] 下载 mobi epub pdf 电子书 2024

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内容简介

　　《粒子物理学标准模型导论(第2版)》从介子和夸克的电磁作用和弱相互作用开始，讲到了夸克的强相互作用，内容层层深入。介绍标准模型的同时，作者非常注重选材的可进阶性，方便读者更深入的研读。

内页插图

目录

Preface to the second edition
Preface to the first edition
Notation
1 The particle physicists view of Nature
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The construction of the Standard Model
1.3 Leptons
1.4 Quarks and systems of quarks
1.5 Spectroscopy of systems of light quarks
1.6 More quarks
1.7 Quark colour
1.8 Electron scattering from nucleons
1.9 Particle accelerators
1.10 Units

2 Lorentz transformations
2.1 Rotations， boosts and proper Lorentz transformations
2.2 Scalars， contravariant and covariant four-vectors
2.3 Fields
2.4 The Levi-Civita tensor
2.5 Time reversal and space inversion

3 The Lagrangian formulation of mechanics
3.1 Hamiltons principle
3.2 Conservation of energy
3.3 Continuous systems
3.4 A Lorentz covariant field theory
3.5 The Klein-Gordon equation
3.6 The energy-momentum tensor
3.7 Complex scalar fields

4 Classical electromagnetism
4.1 Maxwells equations
4.2 A Lagrangian density for electromagnetism
4.3 Gauge transformations
4.4 Solutions of Maxwells equations
4.5 Space inversion
4.6 Charge conjugation
4.7 Intrinsic angular momentum of the photon
4.8 The energy density of the electromagnetic field
4.9 Massive vector fields

5 The Dirac equation and the Dirac field
5.1 The Dirac equation
5.2 Lorentz transformations and Lorentz invariance
5.3 The parity transformation
5.4 Spinors
5.5 The matrices
5.6 Making the Lagrangian density real

6 Free space solutions of the Dirac equation
6.1 A Dirac particle at rest
6.2 The intrinsic spin of a Dirac particle
6.3 Plane waves and helicity
6.4 Negative energy solutions
6.5 The energy and momentum of the Dirac field
6.6 Dirac and Majorana fields
6.7 The E ] ] m limit， neutrinos

7 Electrodynamics
7.1 Probability density and probability current
7.2 The Dirac equation with an electromagnetic field
7.3 Gauge transformations and symmetry
7.4 Charge conjugation
7.5 The electrodynamics of a charged scalar field
7.6 Particles at low energies and the Dirac magnetic moment

8 Quantising fields： QED
8.1 Boson and fermion field quantisation
8.2 Time dependence
8.3 Perturbation theory
8.4 Renornmalisation and renormalisable field theories
8.5 The magnetic moment of the electron
8.6 Quantisation in the Standard Model

9 The weak interaction： !ow energy phenomenology
9.1 Nuclear beta decay
9.2 Pion decay
9.3 Conservation of lepton number
9.4 Muon decay
9.5 The interactions of muon neutrinos with electrons

10 Symmetry breaking in model theories
10.1 Global symmetry breaking and Goldstone bosons
10.2 Local symmetry breaking and the Higgs boson

11 Massive gauge fields
11.1 SU(2) symmetry
11.2 The gauge fields
11.3 Breaking the SU(2) symmetry
11.4 Identification of the fields

12 The Weinberg——Salam electroweak theory for leptons
12.1 Lepton doublets and the Weinberg-Salam theory
12.2 Lepton coupling to the W
12.3 Lepton coupling to the Z
12.4 Conservation of lepton number and conservation of charge
12.5 CP symmetry
12.6 Mass terms in ： an attempted generalisation

13 Experimental tests of the Weinberg——Salam theory
13.1 The search for the gauge bosons
13.2 The W bosons
13.3 The Z boson
13.4 The number of lepton families
13.5 The measurement of partial widths
13.6 Left-right production cross-section asymmetry and lepton decay symmetry of the Z boson

14 The electromagnetic and weak interactions of quarks
14.1 Construction of the Lagrangian density
14.2 Quark masses and the Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing matrix
14.3 The parameterisation of the KM matrix
14.4 CP symmetry and the KM matrix
14.5 The weak interaction in the low energy limit

15 The hadronic decays of the Z and W bosons
15.1 Hadronic decays of the Z
15.2 Asymmetry in quark production
15.3 Hadronic decays of the W

16 The theory of strong interactions： quantum chromodynamics
16.1 A local SU(3) gauge theory
16.2 Colour gauge transformations on baryons and mesons
16.3 Lattice QCD and asymptotic freedom
16.4 The quark-antiquark interaction at short distances
16.5 The conservation of quarks
16.6 Isospin symmetry
16.7 Chiral symmetry

17 Quantum chromodynamics： calculations
17.1 Lattice QCD and confinement
17.2 Lattice QCD and hadrons
17.3 Perturbative QCD and deep inelastic scattering
17.4 Perturbative QCD and e+e- collider physics

18 The Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix
18.1 Leptonic weak decays of hadrons
18.2 |Vud| and nuclear decay
18.3 More leptonic decays
18.4 CP symmetry violation in neutral kaon decays
18.5 B meson decays and B，B mixing
18.6 The CPTtheorem
……

精彩书摘

　　5、The Dirac equation and the Dirac field
　　The Standard Model is a quantum field theory．In Chapter 4 we discussed the classical electromagnetic field．The transition to a quantum field will be made in Chapter 8．In this chapter we begin our discussion of the Dirac equation，which was invented bv Dirac as an equation for the relativistic quantum wave function of a single electron．However,we shall regard the Dirac wave function as a field．Which will subsequently be quantised along with the electromagnetic field．The Dirace quationwillberegardedasafieldequation．Thetransitiontoaquantumfieldtheory
　　iS called second quantisation．The field。like the Dirac wave function．is complex．W_e shall show how the Dirac field transforms under a Lorentz transformation．And find a Lorentz invariant Lagrangian from which it may be derived．
　　On quantisation，the electromagnetic fields A(x)，Fv(x)become space-and time．dependent 0perators．The expectation Values of these operators in the environ- ment described by the quantum states are the classical fields．The Dirac fields(x) alSO become space-and time．dependent operators on quantisation．However,there are no corresponding measurable classical fields．This di骶rence reflects the Pauli exclusion principle，which applies to fermions but not to bosons．In this chapter and in the following two chapters，the properties of the Dirac fields as operators are rarely invoked：for the most part the manipulations proceed as if the Dirac fields were ordinary complex functions，and the fields Can be thought of as single-particle Dirac wave functions．
　　5．1 The Dirac equation
　　Dirac invented his equation in seeking to make Schr6dingerS equation for an elec-tron compatible with special relativity．

前言/序言

　　In the eight years since the first edition， the Standard Model has not been seriously discredited as a description of particle physics in the energy region ([2 TeV) so far explored. The principal discovery in particle physics since the first edition is that neutrinos carry mass. In this new edition we have added chapters that extend the formalism of the Standard Model to include neutrino fields with mass， and we consider also the possibility that neutrinos are Majorana particles rather than Dirac particles.
　　The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is now under construction at CERN. It is expected that， at the energies that will become available for experiments at the LHC (~20 TeV)， the physics of the Higgs field will be elucidated， and we shall begin to see　physics beyond the Standard Model. Data from the B factories will continue to accumulate and give greater understanding of CP violation. We are confident that interest in the Standard Model will be maintained for some time into the future.
　　Cambridge University Press have again been most helpful. We thank Miss V. K.Johnson for secretarial assistance. We are grateful to Professor Dr J. G. K6rner for his corrections to the first edition， and to Professor C. Davies for her helpful correspondence.

粒子物理学标准模型导论（第2版） [An Introduction to the Standard Model of Particle Physics] 下载 mobi epub pdf txt 电子书 格式

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新书

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