具体描述
The New York Times bestselling author of The Origins of Political Order offers a provocative examination of modern identity politics: its origins, its effects, and what it means for domestic and international affairs of state
In 2014, Francis Fukuyama wrote that American institutions were in decay, as the state was progressively captured by powerful interest groups. Two years later, his predictions were borne out by the rise to power of a series of political outsiders whose economic nationalism and authoritarian tendencies threatened to destabilize the entire international order. These populist nationalists seek direct charismatic connection to “the people,” who are usually defined in narrow identity terms that offer an irresistible call to an in-group and exclude large parts of the population as a whole.
Demand for recognition of one’s identity is a master concept that unifies much of what is going on in world politics today. The universal recognition on which liberal democracy is based has been increasingly challenged by narrower forms of recognition based on nation, religion, sect, race, ethnicity, or gender, which have resulted in anti-immigrant populism, the upsurge of politicized Islam, the fractious “identity liberalism” of college campuses, and the emergence of white nationalism. Populist nationalism, said to be rooted in economic motivation, actually springs from the demand for recognition and therefore cannot simply be satisfied by economic means. The demand for identity cannot be transcended; we must begin to shape identity in a way that supports rather than undermines democracy.
Identity is an urgent and necessary book―a sharp warning that unless we forge a universal understanding of human dignity, we will doom ourselves to continuing conflict.
用户评价
##很值得一看
##虽然作者一直在强调identify 和 recognition的重要性和独立性，但是还是隐隐的感觉全球化带来的财富分化和欧洲的经济停滞才是identity politics 发生的根本原因。但是确实正如作者讲得，身份政治具有经济根源，但是一旦被激活其本身就像堡垒一样变得非常坚固，人们脑子里筑起的墙很难再被推倒。 但是作者的药方还是有点苍白啊......
##能用阶级矛盾解释的问题 披上身份的外皮
##Fukuyama的厚颜无耻简直令人震惊
从福山个人思想脉络看，是回应美国政治现实之作，也延续了历史终结与政治秩序的分析框架，只是为之补充了心理学（精神分析）的论证；他认为市场与文化领域中的冲突取代了政治上的斗争，但显然近年来这一趋势发生了逆转，福山试图重新锚定自己的论断。从议题本身而言，福山采纳了泰勒《本真性伦理》的基本框架与观点，将身份政治界定为寻求尊严的斗争（科耶夫与黑格尔），内含自我本真的产生、寻求承认的渴望以及承认的民主化、普遍化。以此讨论了个人主义与宗教、民族主义的伴生共存的根源，身份政治引发的社会冲突（种族、宗教、性别、恐怖主义与移民议题以及无名者的悲惨状态），集中分析了身份政治在民族认同、国家身份构建中的意义及美国与欧洲的现实之道。
##还可以，主要还是涉及民族身份认同，其他一笔掠过。讲身份认同的溯源和演变还有thymos蛮有意思的。讲到的ethnolinguistics和身份认同引起些相关思考。
##End of self-esteem = birth of government. 😳 #论节操的自治
##fukuyama 近作。以dignity/ identity 的角度出发讨论了世界最近发生的问题- 左翼力量的下降/女权运动/伊斯兰极端主义/民粹民族主义/individualism等等。广却不深。可以作为知识积累的一本书，通俗好读，案例丰富 ，可以安利做闲暇阅读。
##前四分之三很精彩，把哲学、社会学、心理学等等统一到了Identity的框架下来解释历史如何一步步走到当下。最后提出解决方案的时候却有点力不从心，顶层设计的理想大过社会现实与人性弱点。全球化和互联网是人类从未面对过的挑战，只能hope for the best, prepare for the worst了。