編輯推薦
The revolutionary changes that have marked world politics in recent yearsoffer scholars an extraordinary opportunity for reflection and critical selfappraisal
內容簡介
《國傢安全的文化:世界政治中的規範與認同》為國際關係學經典名著,建構主義國際關係流派代錶作之一。在《國傢安全的文化:世界政治中的規範與認同》中,16位重要學者將社會學與安全研究進行瞭創新性的融閤,從規範、認同的角度齣發集中分析瞭世界政治中的安全議題,對現實主義和自由主義的學術觀點進行瞭評析和發展,成為後來建構主義國際關係學的“裏程碑”。
作者簡介
彼得·卡贊斯坦(Peter J.Katzenstein),美國哈佛大學博士(1973年),現任康奈爾大學Walter S.Carpente,Jr國際關係學教授。曾任著名的《國際組織》雜誌主編,為國際關係學建構主義流派的重要代錶人物之一,與現實主義流派的重要代錶斯蒂芬·剋拉斯納和新自由主義流派的重要代錶羅伯特·基歐漢並稱為“三K”。他著述甚豐,其中包括《文化規範與國傢安全:戰後日本的警察與軍隊》、《世界市場中的小國:歐洲的工業政策》、《社團主義與變革:奧地利、瑞士和工業政治》、《網絡權力:日本與亞洲》、《被馴服的大國:德國在歐洲》等。
精彩書評
一本開拓性的著作,一次試圖將建構主義的研究方法引入安全研究中……這本書毫無疑問會成為國際關係理論的一部新的經典之作。
——特德·霍普夫(Ted Hopf)。密歇根大學
[這本書]占據瞭重要的理論位置,並且將一批年輕的“新思想傢們”帶入安全研究這一麵臨巨大變革的領域。
——喬舒亞·戈爾茨坦(Joshua Goldstein),美國大學
目錄
Preface
1. Introduction: Alternative Perspectives on National Security
Peter J. Katzenstein
Why Traditional National Security Issues?
Existing Analytical Perspectives
Cultural-Institutional Context and Political Identity
Why Bother?
2. Norms, Identity, and Culture in National Security
Ronald L. Jepperson, Alexander Wendt, and Peter J. Katzenstein
Analytical Context
Theoretical Perspectives
Arguments
Methodological and Metatheoretic Matters
Extension and Conclusion
PART 1. Norms and National Security
3. Status, Norms, and the Proliferation of Conventional Weapons:
An Institutional Theory Approach
Dana P. Eyre and Mark C. Suchman
Standard Explanations for the Proliferation of Weaponry
An Alternative Perspective: Obligatory Action and an
Institutional Theory of Weapons Proliferation
Hypotheses
Research Design, Data, and Methods of Analysis
Results
4. Norms and Deterrence: The Nuclear and Chemical Weapons Taboos
Richard Price and Nina Tannenwald
The Social Construction of Deterrence
The Chemical Weapons Taboo
The Non-use of Nuclear Weapons
Norms, Constructivism, and Explanation
5. Constructing Norms of Humanitarian Intervention
Martha Finnemore
Using Norms to Understand International Politics
Humanitarian Intervention in the Nineteenth Century
The Expansion of "Humanity" and Sovereignty
Humanitarian Intervention Since 1945
6. Culture and French Military Doctrine Before World WarII
Hizabeth Kier
Alternative Explanations
The Cultural Roots of Doctrinal Decisions
The Cultural Roots of French Doctrine
7. Cultural Realism and Strategy in Maoist China
Alastair lain Johnston
Why China?
Some Conceptual and Methodological Issues
The Maoist Central Paradigm
Strategic Preference Rankings
Chinese Conflict Behavior
Problems of Analysis
PART 2. Identity and National Security
8. Identity, Norms, and National Security: The Soviet Foreign Policy
Revolution and the End of the Cold War
Robert G. Herman
Realist and Liberal Explanations
I he Empirical Case
BacktOthe Future?
9.Norms,Identity,and National Security in Germany and Japan
Thomas U.Berger
Deficiencies ofStructurai Accounts
The Concept ofPolitical.Military Culture
The Origins ofthe New Political—Military Cultures
The Evolution ofthe Two Political—Military Cultures
The Evolution ofGerman and Japanese Security Policies
10.CoUective Identity in a Democratic Community:
TheCase ofNATO
Thomas Risse—Kappen
The Puzzle
Theorizing About Alliances
A Liberal Interpretation ofthe Transatlantic Security Community
Conclusions:HOW Unique Is NATO?
11.Identity and AIliances i11 the Middle East
Michael N.Barnett
Identity and AIliance Formation
Identity and Alliances in Arab Politics
U S—Israeli Relations
PART 3.ImplicationsandConclusions
12.Norms,Identity,and Their Limits:A Theoretical Reprise
Paul Kowert and Jeffrey Legro
HOW Norms Matter
The Sources ofNorms
Challenges in the Study ofNorms
13.Conclusion:National Security in a Changing W0rld
Peter T.Katzenstein
Realism and LiberaIism
Summary and Extensions
Going Beyond Traditional National Security Studies
America in a Changing World
Index
精彩書摘
As in the previous case, there were nonhumanitarian reasons to intervene, but if territorial issues were the only ones that mattered, the Tanzanians could have either stopped at the border, having evicted Ugandanforces, or pushed them back into Uganda short of Kampala. The explicitstatement of intent to topple the regime seems out of proportion to thelowlevel territorial squabble. Fernando Tes6n makes a strong case thatNyereres intense dislike of Amins regime and its practices influenced thescale of the response. Nyerere had already publicly called Amin a murderand refused to sit with him on the Authority of the East African Community.55 Tes6n also presents strong evidence that the lack of support ormaterial help for Uganda in this intervention from the UN, the OAU, or anystate besides Libya suggests tacit international acceptance of what wouldotherwise be universally condemned as international aggression because ofthe human rights record of the target state.
Despite evidence of humanitarian motivations, Tanzania never claimedhumanitarian justification. In fact, Tanzania went out of her way to minimize responsibility for the felicitous humanitarian outcome of heractions, saying only that she was acting in response to Amins invasion andthat her actions just happened to coincide with a revolt against Amininside Uganda. When Sudan and Nigeria criticized Tanzania for interfering in another states internal affairs in violation of the OAU charter, it wasthe new Ugandan regime that invoked humanitarian justifications forTanzanias actions. It criticized the critics, arguing that members of theOAU should not "hide behind the formula of nonintervention whenhuman rights are blatantly being violated."
前言/序言
The revolutionary changes that have marked world politics in recent yearsoffer scholars an extraordinary opportunity for reflection and critical selfappraisal. This is true, in particular, for scholars of international relations.One observer has likened the embarrassment that the end of the Cold Warcaused us as scholars of international relations and national security to theeffects the sinking of the Titanic had on the profession of naval engineers.Although our analytical coordinates for gauging global politics have provento be inadequate for an analysis of a world in rapid change, there has beenremarkably little rethinking of our categories of analysis. Instead, in the firsthalf of the 1990s North American scholarship on the theory of internationalrelations was preoccupied with the issue of whether variants of realism or liberalism offered a superior way for explaining the world. Considering the dramatic international developments occurring during these years, many of theacademic debates looked arcane to the interested bystander. For it is hard todeny that existing theories of international relations have woefully fallenshort in explaining an important revolution in world politics.
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