本书是北京外国语大学法学精品教材“普通法案例教学系列”的一本，是针对中国学生，经过北京外国语大学法学院十多年课堂教学经验的积累，吸取国外法学教育方法中的有益成分的基础上编写而成的。共分为十四章，包括：概论、新颖性、实用性、非显而易见性、可专利性主题、公开、权利要求、专利审查、授权后修改等专利前期确权工作的课题，以及侵权、救济、许可、国际申请、发展现状等后期维权工作的内容。

作者简介

郑小军，北京外国语大学法学院创始人之一，于2001年从美国回国，担任北外法学教育的创始工作，并从事英文法律教学工作至今，所授课程包括：英美法概论、英文法律写作、模拟法庭、知识产权概论、商标法、专利法、英美财产法和侵权法以及美国宪法学。

郑小军老师曾在中国国际贸易促进委员会仲裁委员会和商标代理部工作，代表中国首次出席国际工业产权大会和许可证执行人会议，完成多项重大和具有历史性案件，为中国商标法律的发展和完善做出过独到的贡献。郑小军老师自1989年至2001年在美国纽约和新罕布什尔州工作学习达12年，主要从事商标代理和咨询工作，并于1995年在富兰克林法学院获得知识产权硕士学位。

自2001年从事教学工作以来，郑小军老师为推进法律英语教学不遗余力，经常参加各种相关学术活动、发表有关论文，并给全国各高校法律英语教师提供培训课程，广受好评。

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　　Bonito Boats, Inc. v. Thunder Craft Boats, Inc.

　　United States Supreme court, 1989

　　489 U.S. 141

　　O’CONNOR, JUSTICE.

　　Article I, § 8, cl. 8 of the Constitution gives Congress the power “To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.” The Patent Clause itself reflects a balance between the need to encourage innovation and the avoidance of monopolies which stifle competition without any concomitant advance in the “Progress of Science and useful Arts.” As we have noted in the past, the Clause contains both a grant of power and certain limitations upon the exercise of that. Congress may not create patent monopolies of unlimited duration, nor may it “authorize the issuance of patents whose effects are to remove existent knowledge from the public domain, or to restrict free access to materials already available.” Graham v. John Deere Co. (1966).

　　From their inception, the federal patent laws have embodied a careful balance between the need to promote innovation and the recognition that imitation and refinement through imitation are both necessary to invention itself and the very lifeblood of a competitive economy. Soon after the adoption of the Constitution, the First Congress enacted the Patent Act of 1790, which allowed the grant of a limited monopoly of 14 years to any applicant that “hath … invented or discovered any useful art, manufacture, … or device, or any improvement therein not before known or used.” In addition to novelty, the 1790 Act required that the invention be “sufficiently useful and important” to merit the 14-year right of exclusion. Section 2 of the Act required that the patentee deposit with the Secretary of State, a specification and if possible a model of the new invention, “which specification shall be so particular, and said models so exact, as not only to distinguish the invention or discovery from other things before known and used, but also to enable a workman or other person skilled in the art or manufacture … to make, construct, or use the same, to the end that the public may have the full benefit thereof, after the expiration of the patent term.”

　　The first Patent Act established an agency known by self-designation as the “Commissioners for the promotion of Useful Arts,” composed of the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Department of War, and the Attorney General, any two of whom could grant a patent. Thomas Jefferson was the first Secretary of State, and the driving force behind early federal patent policy. For Jefferson, a central tenet of the patent system in a free market economy was that “a machine of which we were possessed, might be applied by every man to any use of which it is susceptible.” 13 Writings of Thomas Jefferson, 335 (Memorial ed. 1904). He viewed a grant of patent rights in an idea already disclosed to the public as akin to an ex post facto law, “obstructing others in the use of what they possessed before.” Jefferson also played a large role in the drafting of our Nation’s second Patent Act, which became law in 1793. The Patent Act of 1793 carried over the requirement that the subject of a patent application be “not known or used before the application.” A defen 专利法下载 mobi epub pdf txt 电子书格式