《语言类型学》作者在大量不同语言的资料和例证的基础上，对语言类型学作了全新和深入的介绍。《语言类型学》的特色是着重对此领域中的主要问题，如基本语序、格标记、关系从句、致使构式等进行了具体而详细的研究，通过具体案例研究，揭示了如何发现和解释语言类型的系统模式，以及这些模式所受的限制。另外，《语言类型学》还讨论了一些实用的问题和方法，如语料的采集和语言样本的制作，最后《语言类型学》探讨了语言类型学在历时语言学、语言习得等其他领域中的应用问题。

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给中国读者的前言
Preface
导读
Abbreviario
Acknowledgements
1 Introducing linguistic typology
1.1 What do linguistic typologists study?
1.2 Typological analysis
13 Typology of language universals
1.4 Language universals and linguistic typology

1.5 Assumptions and problems in typological analysis
1.5.1 Cross-linguistic comparability
1.5.2 The Principle of Uniformitarianism
1.5.3 Approaches to language sampling
1.5.4 Determining language sample sizes
1.5.5 Problems with data
1.6 Partial typology VS.holistic typology
1.7 Organization ofthe rest ofthe book

2 Basic WOrd Order
2.1What is basic word order?
2.2 Early research on basic word order
2.2.1 The inception of word order typology
2.2.2 The OV-VO typology
2.2.3 Making language universals exceptionless
2.3 Explaining the distribution of the basic clausal word orders
2.4 Back to the OV-VO typology：the Branching Direction Theory
2.5 Seeking a global explanation：the Early Immediate Constituents Theory
2.6 From word order to morpheme order：the suffixing preference
2.7 Closing remarks

3 Case marking
3.1 Introduction
3.2 AS and P, and types of case marking
3.2.1 Nominative-accusative system
3.2.2 Ergative-absolutive system
3.2.3 Tripartite system
3.2.4 AP/S system
3.2.5 Neutral system

3.3 More types of case marking
3.3.1 Split-ergative system
3.3.2 Active-stative system
3.3.3 Direct-inverse system
3.4 Distribution of the case marking systems
3.5 The discriminatory view of case marking
3.6 The indexing view of case marking
3.7 The discriminatory view vs. the indexing view
3.8 The Nominal Hierarchy and the split-ergative system
3.9 Towards a unified explanation： attention flow and viewpoint
3.10 Ergativity from discourse to grammar

3.11 Case marking in altered or non-basic constructions
3.11.1 Passive
3.11.2 Antipassive
3.11.3 Noun incorporation
3.11.4 Advancement of obliques to P
3.12 Syntactic ergativity
3.13 Head marking vs. dependent marking
3.14 Case marking type and word order type

4 Relative clauses
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The position of the head noun vis-a-vis the restricting clause
4.3 Expression of the head noun
4.3.1 The obliteration strategy
4.3.2 The pronoun-retention strategy
4.3.3 The relative-pronoun strategy
4.3.4 Language-internal distribution of the relativization strategies
4.4 Accessibility Hierarchy： accessibility to relativization
4.5 Conspiracy in relativization
4.6 Correlations between RC-related properties
4.7 The head noun in the main clause
4.8 Subject primacy vs. discourse preferences in relativization
4.9 RC type and word order type
4.10 The role of processing in the distribution of RC types
4.11 The All and structural complexity

5 Causatives
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The morphologically based typology of causative constructions
5.3 The syntax of the causee NP： the Case Hierarchy
5.4 Conspiracy in causativization
5.5 Doubling： coding vs. grammatical relation
5.6 Causation types and causative types
5.7 The case marking of the causee NP
5.8 The conceptual integration of the causee in the causative event
5.9 Towards a typology of causative constructions

6 The application of linguistic typology
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Linguistic typology and historical linguistics
6.2.1 Early attempts at word order reconstruction
6.2.2 Linguistic typology as a control on, and a tool in,reconstruction
6.2.3 Linguistic typology and linguistic prehistory
6.3 Linguistic typology and language acquisition
6.3.1 Accessibility to relativization in FLA
6.3.2 Accessibility to relativization in SLA
6.3.3 Two potential FLA/SLA areas of application
6.3.4 Closing remarks

7 European approaches to linguistic typology
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The Leningrad Typology Group
7.3 The Cologne UNITYP Group
7.4 The Prague School Typology
7.5 Epilogue
Bibliography
Author Index
Language Index
Subject Index

前言/序言

　　一百多年以前GeorgvonderGabelentz首次使用了“语言类型学”这个名称，自那以来，语言类型学已经有了长足的发展。尤其是在欧洲，随着众多激动人心的科研项目的开展，以及一批才华横溢的青年学者的涌现，这个领域正不断壮大，向着10年前我们想象不到的众多领域发展。更令人欢欣鼓舞的是，在沉迷于生成语法半个世纪后，一些亚洲国家（特别是中国、日本和韩国）也开始日益认真面对语言类型学。

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