適讀人群：既適閤初學心理學的人，學習心理學專業的學生，也適閤那些從事心理學事業的工作者，還適閤對心理學感興趣的大眾。
　　全景式地展現心理學曆史上重要的40項研究；
　　生動描繪心理學大師們的絕妙思路和天纔想法；
　　首版於1992年，20年來暢銷不衰的心理學入門經典；
　　科學鬆鼠會推薦的心理學入門讀物；
　　中國心理學會前理事長林崇德教授特彆推薦；
　　教育部心理學教學指導委員會推薦；
　　新版第7版進行瞭許多重要和實質性的修訂，新增兩項重要研究。

內容簡介

　　《改變心理學的40項研究》的獨到之處在於填補瞭心理學書籍和心理學研究之間的溝壑，從曆史的角度展示瞭心理學史上有名的40項研究，並介紹瞭這些研究的後續進展和相關研究。
　　自1992年初版以來，本書一直是備受推崇的暢銷書，長期位居美國***心理學類TOP100之列。作者羅傑·霍剋不僅是一位心理學傢，而且也是位優秀的教育傢和作傢，他用自己簡練的思維和生動的語言，將“枯燥的”心理學經典研究變成瞭一個又一個“引人入勝”的故事。閱讀此書，會讓你感到心理學將不再“枯燥”，不再“遠離實際”，也不再“高不可攀”。同時，閱讀這些經典研究，還會讓你摺服於心理學大師們的絕妙思路和天纔的想法。
　　《改變心理學的40項研究》第7版進行瞭許多重要和實質性的修訂，新增瞭兩個具有重大影響力的研究，一項研究有關人腦對顔色的分類；另一項是更為近期的研究，關於如何使用磁共振成像（MRI）觀察大腦活動。並且新版本更新瞭近期應用的內容。此外，更新瞭每篇研究報告中的“近期應用”，反映瞭進入21世紀以來這40項研究被大量引用的情況，由此你將體會到這些研究在心理學發展中均有著舉足輕重的地位。為瞭滿足廣大讀者的需求，特引入英文版，供喜愛閱讀英文原書的讀者研讀，進一步體驗心理學研究的美妙。

作者簡介

　　羅傑·霍剋（Roger R. Hock），博士是美國門多西諾學院（Mendocino College）的心理學教授，在心理學方麵有多年教學經驗。在教學過程中，他發現大多數心理學教科書因篇幅有限，無法詳細介紹作為學科基礎的研究過程，於是籌備本書以填補教科書與科學研究之間的溝壑。1992年齣版本書的第1版之後，好評如潮且備受關注。霍剋站在學科發展的高度，縱觀心理學研究的發展曆程，精心篩選齣對心理學發展影響*大、文獻引用較多且至今仍受關注的40項研究，範圍涵蓋廣泛，介紹全麵詳實。

精彩書評

　　霍剋的這部著作的確令人贊嘆！它不僅選擇瞭閤適的研究，還為學生提供瞭一份有用的教學工具……霍剋的書融閤瞭讀者的興趣，同時文筆也很優美簡潔……這本書揭示瞭心理學研究背後的真實故事，對每一個經典研究娓娓道來，內容全麵，有趣易讀。既適閤心理學的入門學習者，也適用於對心理學感興趣的讀者。
　　——米斯迪·希爾，耶魯大學心理學教授

　　本書的主要優勢在於，羅傑·霍剋以一種獨到清晰的文風，總結瞭心理學史上重要的一些研究。
　　——琳達·皮爾斯，曼多納大學心理學教授

　　心理學是一門科學，是研究人的心理規律的知識體係的科學，有其發生發展的曆史，有其曆史上值得總結、學習和發揚的一係列研究。我翻閱這本書，被其內容所吸引，書中介紹的研究都是在心理學史上非常有名的原創性研究。本書既是一部高水平的學術著作，又是一部通俗的心理學讀本，具有科普性。因為全書內容生動、形式活潑，可讀性強，所以本書不僅適閤心理學界的同事欣賞，也值得廣大心理學愛好者瀏覽。
　　——林崇德，中國心理學會前理事長，北京師範大學教授、博士畢導師

　　對於初學心理學的人來說，大多數人很想讀一讀心理學的經典研究，充實和提高自己。但是，在具體的實踐過程中，常常是將經典研究讀瞭一半，大部分人就放棄瞭。因為每一項研究，既包括瞭許多專業術語，又包括瞭理論假設、實驗方法、實驗設計、數據的統計分析、結果的分析討論和結論等等，真是“太難瞭”，讓讀它的人感到眼花繚亂、無所適從。然而，《改變心理學的40項研究》一書的齣現，使一切發生瞭改變。作者不僅是一位心理學傢，而且也是位優秀的教育傢和作傢，用自己簡練的思維和那支“生花的”妙筆，將“枯燥的”心理學經典研究變成瞭一個又一個“引人入勝的”故事。閱讀此書，會將你逐漸帶入神秘的心理世界，在揭開心理學神秘麵紗的同時，也會讓你感到心理學將不再“枯燥”、不再“遠離實際”，也不再“高不可攀”。同時，閱讀這些經典研究，還會讓你摺服於心理學大師們的絕妙思路和天纔的想法。
　　——天津師範大學心理與行為研究院(博士、教授、博土生導師)白學軍

PREFACE 11
CHAPTER I THE BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR 19
CHAPTER II CONSCIOUSNESS AND THE SENSES 53
CHAPTER III CONDITIONING AND LEARNING 83
CHAPTER IV COGNITION, MEMORY, AND INTELLIGENCE 111
CHAPTER V CHANGES OVER THE HUMAN LIFESPAN 144
CHAPTER VI MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 176CHAPTER VII PERSONALITY 207
CHAPTER VIII PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS 243
CHAPTER IX THERAPY 274
CHAPTER X HUmAN INTERACTION AND SOCIAL BEHAvIOR 302
AUTHOR INDEX 334
SBUJECT INDEX 339

精彩書摘

　　You are probably aware that the two halves of your brain are not the same and that they perform different functions. For example, in general the left side of your brain is responsible for movement in the right side of your body, and vice versa. Beyond this, though, the two brain hemispheres appear to have much greater specialized abilities.
　　It has come to be rather common knowledge that, for most of us, the left brain controls our ability to use language while the right is involved in spatial relationships, such as those needed for artistic activities. Stroke or head-injury patients who suffer damage to the left side of the brain will usually lose, to varying degrees, their ability to speak (often this skill returns with therapy and training). Many people believe that each half, or hemisphere, of your brain may actually be a completely separate mental system with its own individual abilities for learning, remembering, perceiving the world, and feeling emotions. The concepts underlying this view of the brain rest on early scientific research on the effects of splitting the brain into two separate hemispheres.
　　That research was pioneered by Roger W. Sperry (1913–1994), beginning about 15 years prior to the article examined in this chapter. In his early work with animal subjects, Sperry made many remarkable discoveries. For example, in one series of studies, cats’ brains were surgically altered to sever the connection between the two halves of the brain and to alter the optic nerves so that the left eye transmitted information only to the left hemisphere and the right eye only to the right hemisphere. Following surgery, the cats appeared to behave normally and exhibited virtually no ill effects. Then, with the right eye covered, the cats learned a new behavior, such as walking through a short maze to find food. After the cats became skilled at maneuvering through the maze, the eye cover was shifted to the cats’ left eyes. Now, when the cats were placed back in the maze, their right brains had no idea where to turn, and the animals had to relearn the entire maze from the beginning.
　　Sperry conducted many related studies over the next 30 years, and in 1981 he received the Nobel Prize for his work on the specialized abilities of the two hemispheres of the brain. When his research endeavors turned to human participants in the early 1960s, he was joined in his work at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) by Michael Gazzaniga. Although Sperry is considered to be the founder of split-brain research, Gazzaniga’ s article has been chosen here because it is a clear, concise summary of their early collaborative work with human participants and it, along with other related research by Gazzaniga, is cited often in psychology texts. Its selection is in no way intended to overlook or overshadow either Sperry’ s leadership in this field or his great contributions. Gazzaniga, in large part, owes his early research, and his discoveries in the area of hemispheric specialization, to Roger W. Sperry (see Sperry, 1968; Puente, 1995).
　　To understand split-brain research, some knowledge of human physiology is required. The two hemispheres of your brain are in constant communication with one another via the corpus callosum, a structure made up of about 200 million nerve fibers (Figure 1-1). If your corpus callosum is cut, this major line of communication is disrupted, and the two halves of your brain must then function independently. If we want to study each half of your brain separately, all we need to do is surgically sever your corpus callosum.
　　But can scientists surgically divide the brains of humans for research purposes? That sounds more like a Frankenstein movie than real science! Obviously, research ethics would never allow such drastic methods simply for the purpose of studying the specialized abilities of the brain’ s two hemispheres. However, in the late 1950s, the field of medicine provided psychologists with a golden opportunity. In some people with very rare and very extreme cases of uncontrollable epilepsy, seizures could be greatly reduced or virtually eliminated by surgically severing the corpus callosum. This operation was (and is) successful, as a last resort, for those patients who cannot be helped by any other means. When this article was written in 1966, 10 such operations had been undertaken, and four of the patients consented to participate in examination and testing by Sperry and Gazzaniga to determine how their perceptual and intellectual skills were affected by this surgical treatment.
　　……

前言/序言

　　Welcome to the seventh edition of Forty Studies that Changed Psychology. For over 20 years this book has been a mainstay for many college and high school courses around the world and has been translated into six languages. The majority of the studies included in this edition are the same ones that made up a large part of the first edition. This demonstrates how these landmark studies continue today to exert their influence over psychological thought and research. These original studies and the ones that have been added or changed over the years provide a fascinating glimpse into the birth and growth of the science of psychology, and into the insights we have acquired trying to unravel the complexities of human nature.
　　Many studies of human behavior have made remarkable and lasting impacts on the various disciplines that comprise the vast field of psychology. The findings generated from this research have changed our knowledge of human behavior, and they have set the stage for countless subsequent projects and research programs. Even when the results of some of these pivotal studies have later been drawn into controversy and question, their effect and influence in a historical context never diminish. They continue to be cited in new articles; they continue to be the topic of academic discussion, they continue to form the foundation for hundreds of textbook chapters, and they continue to hold a special place in the minds of psychologists.
　　The concept for this book originated from my three decades of teaching psychology. Most psychology textbooks are based on key studies that have shaped the science of psychology over i 改變心理學的40項研究（第7版，英文版） [Forty Studies That Changed Psychology (7e)] 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書格式