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一本难读,但是读进去以后会让人上瘾的一本书。不知道是翻译的问题,还是书本身年代太悠久了,再加上作者是古罗马人的原因,总觉得阅读起来很生僻,但读进去后,真心觉得茅塞顿开。一本适合一个人,一个夜,静读的书。
——DD用户
心灵的宁静!属于开卷有益的哲学书,也不是太费脑,每次看结合自身的经历,都有不同的人生体会以及思考。马可·奥勒留2000年前写的对于人生哲学的思考,2000年后的我们在看,我相信在未来也同样会有人看,正是所谓的“永恒的经典”书籍。
——DD用户
如果这本书是写给别人的道德说教那这本书一钱不值,这本书的动人之处就在于他是写给自己的价值标准。一个人能以那么高的准则要求自己,而且到了一种信仰的境界,真是让人感叹。难怪马可奥勒留可以在哲学史上拥有一席之地。
——DD用户
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《沉思录》,古罗马唯yi一位哲学家皇帝马可?奥勒留?安东尼所著,是一本写给自己的书,内容大部分是他在鞍马劳顿中写成的。它来自作者对身羁宫廷的自己和自己所处混乱世界的感受,追求一种冷静而达观的生活。这本书是斯多葛学派的一个里程碑。
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译者前言 一本写给自己的书
Book 1 卷一
品质闪耀在良好的传承中
我从父亲那里学到的
Book 2 卷二
来自命运的东西并不脱离本性
唯yi能从人那里夺走的只有现在
Book 3 卷三
享受那你认为是z好的东西的快乐
z长久的名声也是短暂的
Book 4 卷四
任何行为都不要无目的地做出
使你的智慧仅仅用于正直地行动
Book 5 卷五
遵从你自己的和共同的本性
寻求不可能的事情是一种发疯
Book 6 卷六
灵魂保持在一种状态和活动之中
灵魂先于身体早衰是让人羞愧之事
没有人能阻止你按本性生活
Book 7 卷七
多少人在享受赫赫威名之后被人遗忘了
热切地追求你认为z好的东西
痛苦不是不可忍受或永远持续的
Book 8 卷八
幸福在于做人的本性所要求的事情
使你的生活井然有序是你的义务
人们是彼此为了对方而存在的
Book 9 卷九
与持有同样原则的人一起生活
在来自外部事物的打扰中保持自由
不同无知的人作无谓的交谈
Book 10 卷十
因果的织机永恒地织着与你相关联的线
认识真正按照本性生活的人
操纵你的是隐蔽在内部的信念
Book 11 卷十一
我为普遍利益做过什么?
人们相互蔑视又相互奉承
总是想着有德之士
Book 12 卷十二
在无望完成的事情中也要训练自己
死亡不是一件可怕的事情
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每一个器具、工具、器皿,如果它实现了它被制作的目的,那就是好的,可是制作的人并不在它那里。而在为自然组合的东西里面,制作它们的力量是存在着、停留着;因此,更宜于尊重这一力量,并且想,如果你真是按照它的意志生活和行动,那么你心中的一切也都是符合理性的。而宇宙中那些属于它的事物也都是如此符合理性的。
如果你假设那不在你力量范围之内的事物对你是好的或坏的,那必然是这样:如果这样一件坏事降临于你或者你丧失了一个好的事物,那你将谴责神灵,也恨那些造成这不幸或损失的人们,或者恨那些被怀疑是其原因的人们;我们的确做了许多不义的事情,因为我们在这些事物之间做出好与坏的区别。但如果我们仅仅判断那在我们力量范围之内的事物为好的或坏的,那就没有理由或者挑剔神灵或者对人抱一种敌意。
我们都是朝着一个目标而在一起工作的,有些人具有知识和计划,而另一些人却不知道他们在做什么,就像睡眠的人们一样。我想,那是赫拉克利特说的,他说他们在发生于宇宙的事物中是劳动者和合作者。但人们是多少勉强地合作的,甚至那些充分合作的人们,他们也会对那发生的事情和试图反对和阻挠合作的人不满,因为宇宙甚至也需要这样一些人。
无论什么事情发生于每一个人,这是为了宇宙的利益的:这可能就足够了。但你要进一步把这视为一个普遍真理,如果你这样做了,那对于任何一个人都有用的东西也就对其他人是有用了。但是在此让"有用"这个词表示像通常说中性的东西那样的意义,也就是说既非好也非坏。
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《沉思录:一个罗马皇帝的人生思考》 序言 在浩瀚的历史长河中,总有一些思想的光辉穿越时空的阻隔,照亮我们前行的道路。《沉思录》便是这样一部不朽的杰作。它并非一篇宏大的哲学论著,也不是一部波澜壮阔的历史叙事,而是一位身居权力巅峰的罗马皇帝,在戎马倥偬、内忧外患的日夜里,写给自己的私人日记。这些文字, unfiltered, raw, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, 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unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, 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unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, 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unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, unfiltered, 《沉思录》并非一本供人消遣的读物,它更像是一位饱经风霜的统治者,在无数个孤寂的夜晚,与自己的灵魂进行的一场深刻对话。这本书没有跌宕起伏的情节,没有惊心动魄的冒险,它所呈现的,是一位在乱世中肩负帝国重担的男人,对生命、死亡、责任、德行、宇宙以及人类存在的终极意义的思考。 书的作者,马可·奥勒留,是罗马帝国最伟大的皇帝之一,同时也是一位斯多葛学派的哲学家。他的一生,是典型的“哲学家皇帝”的写照。在位期间,他面临着瘟疫、战争、经济危机以及内部的动荡。即便如此,他仍旧在处理国家大事的间隙,将自己的哲学理念和人生感悟记录下来。这些文字,没有雕琢,没有矫饰,充满了真诚与力量。 《沉思录》的结构松散,更像是一系列片段式的思考,涵盖了生活的方方面面。奥勒留皇帝从最根本的“理性”出发,探讨了人类与自然的关系,以及个体在宇宙中的位置。他强调,我们是宇宙秩序的一部分,我们的理性是宇宙理性的火花,因此,遵循自然,也就是遵循理性,是通往真正幸福的唯一途径。 他反复强调“顺应自然”的理念。这里的“自然”并非指无序的野蛮,而是指宇宙的理性秩序,以及我们作为理性生物的本性。这意味着,我们应该接受事物的本来面貌,不应徒劳地抗拒那些我们无法改变的现实,比如死亡、疾病、他人的行为,以及命运的安排。他提醒自己,生活中的不如意,往往源于我们对事物的看法,而非事物本身。 “德行”在《沉思录》中占据着核心地位。奥勒留皇帝将智慧、公正、节制和勇气视为最高的美德。他认为,一个真正有德行的人,才能过上充实而有意义的生活,才能抵御外界的诱惑和内心的烦恼。他鼓励自己要正直、公正地对待他人,即使面对不公和恶意,也要保持内心的平静和善意。他反复审视自己的动机,确保自己的行为是出于对正义和善的追求,而不是私欲或虚荣。 死亡是《沉思录》中一个无法回避的议题。奥勒留皇帝以一种超然的态度来看待死亡,他视其为自然过程的一部分,是生命的终结,也是宇宙循环的一部分。他认为,对死亡的恐惧,源于我们对未知和失去的担忧,但如果我们将生命视为一次短暂的旅程,死亡便不再可怕。他鼓励自己专注于当下,做好眼前的事情,因为我们无法预测明天,而过去已经成为历史。 《沉思录》也充满了对人性的洞察。奥勒留皇帝并非不食人间烟火的圣人,他对人性的弱点有着深刻的认识。他看到了人们的虚荣、贪婪、嫉妒和愚蠢,但他并没有因此而变得愤世嫉俗。相反,他更加强调要宽容和理解他人,因为他们同样是宇宙的一部分,并且常常受到无知的驱使。他告诫自己,即使他人犯错,也应以德报怨,或者至少保持内心的平静,不被他们的行为所玷污。 这本书最迷人的地方在于它的“私人性”。读者仿佛是在偷窥一位伟大灵魂的内心世界。奥勒留皇帝在字里行间展现了他的挣扎、他的自我鞭策、他的希望和他的担忧。他不断地提醒自己要保持警惕,不要被外界的喧嚣所迷惑,要专注于内心的修炼。他会反思自己的错误,会为自己的懈怠而自责,也会为自己取得的点滴进步而欣慰。这种坦诚和自省,使得《沉思录》具有了强大的感染力。 《沉思录》并非一本需要逐字逐句去理解的哲学教科书,它更像是一份精神的指南,一本在人生迷茫时可以反复翻阅的宝典。它的价值在于,它提供了一种看待世界和人生的视角——一种更深刻、更理性、更宁静的视角。无论你身处何种境遇,无论你面临何种挑战,你都可以在奥勒留皇帝的思考中找到共鸣,找到力量,找到前行的方向。 这本书不提供廉价的慰藉,也不承诺轻松的成功。它要求的是反思,是自律,是不断地自我超越。它鼓励我们,在喧嚣的世界中,寻找到属于自己内心的宁静;在变幻的世事中,坚守住生命中最宝贵的德行;在短暂的生命里,活出真正的价值。 《沉思录》是一部关于如何成为一个更好的人的书,一部关于如何平静地面对生活中的一切的书,一部献给所有在人生道路上不断求索、不断反思的灵魂的书。它就像一位睿智的长者,在耳边低语,引导我们审视内心,理解宇宙,并最终找到属于自己的安宁。
初读的体验简直是醍醐灌顶。我通常习惯于快速浏览,但面对这些文字,我的节奏完全被打乱了,不得不放慢脚步,甚至停下来反复咀嚼每一个词句的重量。那些描述内心挣扎与自我约束的篇章,读来让人感到一种强烈的共鸣,仿佛作者正坐在我身边,用最真诚的口吻与我分享他作为一代君主所承受的巨大压力与对真理的执着探求。它不像教科书那样冰冷刻板,反而充满了人性最真实、最脆弱却也最坚韧的一面。我发现自己不仅仅是在阅读,更是在进行一场与自我本性的深刻辩论,每一次对书中观点的吸收,都伴随着内在观念的一次小小的重塑,这种阅读的深度和强度,是我在其他作品中很少体验到的。