TOPWAY是华研的做事原则，表明方法得当就会事半功倍，让您花更少的时间取得更好的学习效果；“沙里淘金”是华研的思维方式，通过电脑分频等诸多科学手段，让您抓住问题的关键，用20%的精力取得80%的成效，体现“二八定律”；封面上那个可爱的青蛙举杠铃的LOGO，寓意华研的方法可起到“四两拨千斤”的效果。

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精彩书摘

Directions:

Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

“It’s common knowledge that sleep is needed for day to day function,” says Dr. David Rapoport, director of the Sleep Medicine Program at NYU School of Medicine. “What isn’t common knowledge is that it really matters—it’s not just cosmetic.” Rapoport has long seen people seek sleep therapy because they’re chronically tired or suffering from sleeplessness, but an increasing number of patients are being referred to his center for common diseases, disorders, and mental health.

Recently, the research on sleep has been overwhelming, with mounting evidence that it plays a role in nearly every aspect of health. Beyond chronic illnesses, a child’s behavioral problems at school could be rooted in mild sleep apnea. And studies have shown children with ADHD are more likely to get insufficient sleep. A recent study published in the journal SLEEP found a link between older men with poor sleep quality and cognitive decline. Another study out this week shows sleep is essential in early childhood for development, learning, and the formation and retention of memories. Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen, a pioneer of sleep research at the University of Chicago, once said, “If sleep does not serve an absolutely vital function, then it is the biggest mistake the evolutionary process ever made.”

While diet and exercise have been a part of public health messaging for decades, doctors and health advocates are now beginning to argue that getting quality sleep may be just as important for overall health. “Sleep is probably easier to change than diet or exercise,” says Dr. Michael Grandner, a sleep researcher at the University of Pennsylvania. “It may also give you more of an immediate reward if it helps you get through your day.” Sleep experts claim that it is one of the top three, and sometimes the most important lifestyle adjustments one can make, in addition to diet and exercise. And while there’s more evidence linking diet and exercise as influential health factors, sleep is probably more important in terms of brain and hormonal function, Grandner says. “Among a small group of sleep researchers, it’s always been said that eating, exercise, and sleep are the three pillars of health,” says Dr. Rapoport.

Using technology before bed stimulates us and interferes with our sleep, yet 95% of Americans use some type of electronics like a computer, TV, or cell phone at least a few nights a week within the hour before we go to bed, according to a National Sleep Foundation survey. “Many doctors, lawyers, and executives stay up late and get up early and burn the candle at both ends,” says Dr. Richard Lang, chair of Preventative Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic. “Making sure they pay attention to sleep in the same way they pay attention to diet and exercise is crucial.”

Arianna Huffington, president and editor-in-chief of the Huffington Post Media Group, advocates that sleep is the secret to success, happiness, and peak performance. In a TEDWomen conference, Huffington said, “The way to a more productive, more inspired, more joyful life is getting enough sleep.” Research linking high-quality sleep with better mental health is growing; a recent study found that treating depressed patients for sleeplessness can double their likelihood of overcoming the disorder.

1. Dr. David Rapoport

2. Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen

3. Dr. Michael Grandner

4. Dr. Richard Lang

5. Arianna Huffington

[A] reminds those who stay up late and wake up early to pay attention to sleep.

[B] thinks that having enough sleep is the key to success, happiness and peak performance.

[C] suggests that only few people know the daily function of sleep.

[D] emphasizes the vital function of sleep by an assumption about evolution.

[E] holds that sleep may play a more important role in brain and hormonal function.

[F] points out that the importance of sleep is quite beyond common knowledge.

[G] believes that among the three pillars of health, sleep is the most important one.

—— 答案详解 ——

文章概览

本文主要讲睡眠的功能与作用。第一段以纽约大学药学院睡眠医学项目的院长的观点开篇，点明睡眠的重要性。第二段和第三段指出睡眠在各个方面的作用和功能。第四段指出很多人对睡眠的关注仍然不足。第五段结合赫芬顿邮报传媒集团的总裁兼总编的切身体会来重申睡眠的重要性，呼吁关注睡眠。

读懂文章

全文翻译画线点评

[1]大卫·拉波波特是纽约大学药学院睡眠医学项目的院长，他表示，“众所周知，睡眠是身体机能保持日常运转的必需条件。但大家不知道的是，睡眠确实很重要——并不仅仅因为它有利于美容”。拉波波特长期以来看到许多人因为慢性疲劳或饱受失眠之苦而来寻求睡眠治疗。而如今，越来越多的病人由于普通疾病、失调或心理疾病而转介到他的诊所来寻求治疗。

近来，对睡眠的研究十分盛行，有越来越多的证据表明，睡眠几乎在健康的每个方面都起着重要作用。除了慢性疾病，孩子的行为问题也可能根源于轻度的睡眠窒息。研究表明患有多动症的儿童，更有可能睡眠不足。近来发表在《睡眠》杂志上的一项研究发现，年长者认知能力下降跟其睡眠不足有一定关系。本周的另一项研究表明，睡眠对孩子的早期发育、学习能力，以及记忆力的形成和保持起着关键作用。[2]艾伦·雷希特舍费恩博士是芝加哥大学睡眠研究中心的一位带头人，他曾表示，“如果睡眠不能起绝对至关重要的作用，那么这该是进化中的最大错误”。

虽然几十年来，我们一直在向公众普及饮食和运动对健康的作用，如今医生和保健专家却开始主张充足的睡眠对整体健康一样重要。迈克尔·格兰德纳博士是宾夕法尼亚大学睡眠研究员，他表示，“改变睡眠比起改变饮食和运动，可能更加容易。睡眠不只能够帮你熬过一整天，它还能给你带来长远的好处”。睡眠专家表示，睡眠是位列前三的一种生活方式调整，并且有时候甚至是除了饮食和运动之外，人们对生活方式所能作出的最为重要的调整。[3]格兰德纳表示，尽管有更多的证据表明饮食和运动对健康有很大影响，但睡眠可能在大脑和荷尔蒙功能上有更重要的作用。拉波波特博士说：“在一个睡眠研究小组中，研究人员经常提到饮食、运动和睡眠是健康的三大支柱。”

国家睡眠协会调查表明，睡前使用电子设备会刺激我们，打断我们的睡眠，尽管如此，仍有95%的美国人一周至少有好几次在睡前使用某种电子设备，比如电脑、电视、手机。[4]理查德·兰博士是克利夫兰诊所预防医疗科的主席，他说：“许多医生、律师、主管贪黑起早，经常过这种精力过度耗费的生活。确保他们像关注饮食和运动一样关注睡眠十分重要。”

[5]赫芬顿邮报传媒集团总裁兼总编丽安娜·赫芬顿表示，取得成功、获得幸福和拥有最佳表现的秘诀在于睡眠。在一次TED女性演讲大会中，赫芬顿说：“更富有成效，更有灵感，更快乐的生活秘诀在于充足的睡眠。”对高质量睡眠和心理健康之间关系的研究逐渐增多。最近一项研究发现，失眠症得到治疗的抑郁患者，其克服心理疾病的几率会增加一倍。

选项翻译

[A] reminds those who stay up late and wake up early to pay attention to sleep.

提醒那些晚睡早起的人关注睡眠。

[B] thinks that having enough sleep is the key to success, happiness and peak performance.

认为充足的睡眠是取得成功、获得幸福和拥有最佳表现的关键。

[C] suggests that only few people know the daily function of sleep.

指出仅有少数人知道睡眠的日常功能。

[D] emphasizes the vital function of sleep by an assumption about evolution.

通过一个关于进化的设想来强调睡眠的作用至关重要。

[E] holds that sleep may play a more important role in brain and hormonal function.

认为在大脑和荷尔蒙功能上，睡眠可能起着更重要的作用。

[F] points out that the importance of sleep is quite beyond common knowledge.

指出睡眠的重要性远超我们的常识范围。

[G] believes that among the three pillars of health, sleep is the most important one.

相信在健康的三大支柱中，睡眠是最为重要的。

解题思路

1【答案】 F

【原文对照】 “It’s common knowledge that sleep is needed for day to day function,” says Dr. David Rapoport... “What isn’t common knowledge is that it really matters—it’s not just cosmetic.” （第一段，第一、二句）

【正确选择】 Dr. David Rapoport出现在第一段和第三段，解题句在第一段的前两句。Dr. David Rapoport提到大家都知道睡眠是身体机能保持日常运转的必需条件，但通常却不知道睡眠之所以重要并不仅仅因为它有利于美容。F中的common knowledge是文中的原词复现，the importance of sleep is quite beyond common knowledge是对文中What isn’t common knowledge is that it really matters的同义转述，故确定本题答案为F。

【干扰项排除】根据Dr. David Rapoport所言，睡眠的日常功能大家是知道的，所不知道的是睡眠功能为什么如此重要。C说只有少数人知道睡眠的日常功能，与Dr. David Rapoport所讲内容不符，故排除。

2【答案】 D

【原文对照】 Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen... once said, “If sleep does not serve an absolutely vital function, then it is the biggest mistake the evolutionary process ever made.” （第二段，末句）

【正确选择】 Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen出现在第二段。该段末句提到，Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen曾经说，如果睡眠没有起绝对重要的作用，那么它就是进化中的最大错误。这个假设的言下之意即睡眠肯定有很重要的作用。D中的vital function是文中的原词复现，evolution是原文evolutionary 的词性转换，assumption是对原文If... then... 的概括，故确定D为本题答案。

3【答案】 E

【原文对照】 And while there’s more evidence linking diet and exercise as influential health factors, sleep is probably more important in ter 考研英语二阅读理解B节100篇 2019 华研外语下载 mobi epub pdf txt 电子书格式