分析（第1卷） [Analysis 1] 下载 mobi epub pdf 电子书 2024

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内容简介

　　The present book strives for clarity and transparency. Right from the begin-ning， it requires from the reader a willingness to deal with abstract concepts， as well as a considerable measure of self-initiative. For these e&，rts， the reader will be richly rewarded in his or her mathematical thinking abilities， and will possess the foundation needed for a deeper penetration into mathematics and its applications.
　　This book is the first volume of a three volume introduction to analysis. It de- veloped from. courses that the authors have taught over the last twenty six years at the Universities of Bochum， Kiel， Zurich， Basel and Kassel. Since we hope that this book will be used also for self-study and supplementary reading， we have included far more material than can be covered in a three semester sequence. This allows us to provide a wide overview of the subject and to present the many beautiful and important applications of the theory. We also demonstrate that mathematics possesses， not only elegance and inner beauty， but also provides efficient methods for the solution of concrete problems.

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目录

Preface
Chapter Ⅰ Foundations
1 Fundamentals of Logic
2 Sets
Elementary Facts
The Power Set
Complement, Intersection and Union
Products
Families of Sets
3 Functions，
Simple Examples
Composition of Functions
Commutative Diagrams
Injections, Surjections and Bijections
Inverse Functions
Set Valued Functions
4 Relations and Operations
Equivalence Relations
Order Relations
Operations
5 The Natural Numbers
The Peano Axioms
The Arithmetic of Natural Numbers
The Division Algorithm
The Induction Principle
Recursive Definitions
6 Countability
Permutations
Equinumerous Sets
Countable Sets
Infinite Products
7 Groups and Homomorphisms
Groups
Subgroups
Cosets
Homomorphisms
Isomorphisms
8 R.ings, Fields and Polynomials
Rings
The Binomial Theorem
The Multinomial Theorem
Fields
Ordered Fields
Formal Power Series
Polynomials
Polynomial Functions
Division of Polynomiajs
Linear Factors
Polynomials in Several Indeterminates
9 The Rational Numbers
The Integers
The Rational Numbers
Rational Zeros of Polynomials
Square Roots
10 The Real Numbers
Order Completeness
Dedekind's Construction of the Real Numbers
The Natural Order on R
The Extended Number Line
A Characterization of Supremum and Infimum
The Archimedean Property
The Density of the Rational Numbers in R
nth Roots
The Density of the Irrational Numbers in R
Intervals
Chapter Ⅱ Convergence
Chapter Ⅲ Continuous Functions
Chapter Ⅳ Differentiation in One Variable
Chapter Ⅴ Sequences of Functions
Appendix Introduction to Mathematical Logic
Bibliography
Index

前言/序言

　　Logical thinking， the analysis of complex relationships， the recognition of under- lying simple structures which are common to a multitude of problems - these are the skills which are needed to do mathematics， and their development is the main goal of mathematics education.
　　Of course， these skills cannot be learned 'in a vacuum'. Only a continuous struggle with concrete problems and a striving for deep understanding leads to success. A good measure of abstraction is needed to allow one to concentrate on the essential， without being distracted by appearances and irrelevancies.
　　The present book strives for clarity and transparency. Right from the begin-ning， it requires from the reader a willingness to deal with abstract concepts， as well as a considerable measure of self-initiative. For these e&，rts， the reader will be richly rewarded in his or her mathematical thinking abilities， and will possess the foundation needed for a deeper penetration into mathematics and its applications.
　　This book is the first volume of a three volume introduction to analysis. It de- veloped from. courses that the authors have taught over the last twenty six years at the Universities of Bochum， Kiel， Zurich， Basel and Kassel. Since we hope that this book will be used also for self-study and supplementary reading， we have included far more material than can be covered in a three semester sequence. This allows us to provide a wide overview of the subject and to present the many beautiful and important applications of the theory. We also demonstrate that mathematics possesses， not only elegance and inner beauty， but also provides efficient methods for the solution of concrete problems.
　　Analysis itself begins in Chapter II. In the first chapter we discuss qLute thor- oughly the construction of number systems and present the fundamentals of linear algebra. This chapter is particularly suited for self-study and provides practice in the logical deduction of theorems from simple hypotheses. Here， the key is to focus on the essential in a given situation， and to avoid making unjustified assumptions.An experienced instructor can easily choose suitable material from this chapter to make up a course， or can use this foundational material as its need arises in the study of later sections.
　　……

分析（第1卷） [Analysis 1] 下载 mobi epub pdf txt 电子书 格式

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　　 目次：全书其有四部分，新增加了5章，总共17章。（一）集合论、实数和微积分：集合论；实数体系和微积分。（二）测度、积分和微分：实线上的勒贝格理论；实线上的勒贝格积分；测度和乘积测度的扩展；概率论基础；微分和绝对连续；单测度和复测度。（三）拓扑、度量和正规空间：拓扑、度量和正规空间基本理论；可分离性和紧性；完全空间和紧空间；希尔伯特空间和经典巴拿赫空间；正规空间和局部凸空间。（四）调和分析、动力系统和hausdorff侧都：调和分析基础；可测动力系统；hausdorff测度和分形。

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总的来说,它们的证明简洁和逻辑但需要一些耐心跟随。当做出一个论点,作者经常引用前题一个b。c和定理x y。没有显式地声明校长z,他们正在使用,即使它可能有一个名字。因此,作为一个读者,你要么必须愿意遵循面包屑他们提供或确保你明白为什么他们的论证工作。这真的不是一个批评,只是一个观察。因为这个原因虽然,如果你打算买卷的工作,您N必须买卷N - 1。在每一卷,作者承认的序言中,他们的是太多的材料覆盖在一个学期;事实上,至少有足够的材料在每个卷为一个学年工作的价值。

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书中有些证明需要构造算子或代数结构，但由于书中没有给出wff的相关逻辑规则，实际上，这些算子和代数结构不应该要求读者去构造。因为这本书并没有告诉读者如何去检验自己的构造是否合理。

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作者的典型风格,因为他们承认在他们的前言,是定义数学对象和概念在最一般的方式。他们,然后通过这些定义的后果。考虑一个特定的例子,这种方法,社区的定义提出了三世的连续性。1,一个函数(定义度量空间之间)是连续在x如果每个社区V f(x)存在一个这样的社区你x f(U)包含在诉随后,证明这是相当于两个传统的ε三角洲定义和连续性的情况定义在条款的收敛序列。作者也表明连续性所以定义也同样适用于一个赋范矢量空间(因为每个赋范矢量空间也是一个度量空间)。

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不错的东西。。。。。。。。。。。。。

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导数不出现,直到301页,但当它介绍,它定义在条款的这东西到底是什么:一个线性近似。在大多数文本,这个观点并不是讨论直到“多元”分析覆盖。

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这套书给人的感觉有点不上不下。具体来说，作者（基本上是）打算避开集合论公理和数理逻辑，但又花了十几页的功夫去描述这两个东西，而且还是在避免使用符号语言的情况下，使用自然语言来说明的.......嘛，因为原文是德文，说明上应该会比这英译本的要严格一些，但是这英译本就......举个例子来讲，英译本中一会儿用英语“and”来表示逻辑符号里的"AND"，一会儿又用“and”来表示逻辑符号里的"INCLUSIVE OR"。都无语了......

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阿曼和埃舍尔的分析，第一卷连同第二和第三卷,组成了一个令人难以置信的丰富、全面、独立的对于高等的分析基础的处理。从集合论和实数的构建,作者继续引理、定理,定理证明的声明和斯托克的定理在最后一章的流形体积三世。

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