千字文（中英） [Tales From The Thousand Character Classic] 下载 mobi epub pdf 电子书 2024

内容简介

《千字文》是南北朝时梁朝人编写的，4个字一句，共250句，1000个字，所以成为“千字文”。本书根据《千字文》，精选了一些广泛流传的故事，以简短而生动有趣的方式讲述出来。

The Thousand Character Classic was compiled by a man of the Liang Dynasty. With four characters in each sentence, there are 250 sentences and 1000 characters in the book. Due to this reason, the book is titled the Thousand Character Classic.

内页插图

目录

Contents

目录

传说故事

Legendary Tales

历史故事

Historical Tales

美德故事

Tales of virtue

人才故事

Tales of Talents

《千字文》

精彩书摘

嫘祖养蚕制衣

原文：

乃服衣裳

故事：

相传黄帝时代的人们还发明了养蚕、编织丝绸、缝制衣服的方法，而这些工作，是在黄帝的妻子嫘（l9i）祖的带领下完成的。

在黄帝庆祝战胜蚩（ch~）尤的盛大聚会上，来了许多嘉宾，其中一位是少女变成的女蚕神，她向黄帝献上了一束洁白光亮的细丝。当时人们已经懂得加工动物的皮毛、树皮里的纤维等来制作衣服，但蚕丝这么美丽的材料，人们还是第一次见到。聪明能干的嫘祖拿到这蚕丝之后，很快以她灵巧的双手织成一块又轻又软的绢，用它给黄帝做了漂亮的礼服和礼帽。

当时，嫘祖带领一些人，负责为部落里的人们制作衣服，有人负责做帽子，有人负责做衣服，有人负责做鞋子。为了获得做衣服的材料，嫘祖带着人每天辛苦地剥树皮、纺麻网、加工动物皮毛。

见到蚕丝之后，嫘祖觉得这是很好的衣料，可是女蚕神所吐的丝是有限的，怎样才能源源不断地获得蚕丝呢？她向蚕神详细了解蚕的习性和蚕丝的来历，知道蚕喜欢吃一种叫桑树的叶子，于是决定找到这种树，以便人工养蚕。

嫘祖带领部落里的女性到处寻找，一种树一种树地辨别。工夫不负有心人，她们终于发现一片桑树林，远看去，树上好像结满了雪白的果实。嫘祖观察发现，那雪白的果实其实是蠕动的蚕虫口中吐出的细丝绕织而成的圆壳，叫作“茧”。她把茧带回去，把它们放在水里煮，然后把木棍伸进去搅拌，结果抽出了一根根像头发那样细的白丝线。

在嫘祖的建议下，黄帝下令让人民大量种植桑树，为蚕提供了源源不断的叶子。而嫘祖自己则开始亲自养蚕。经过很多次尝试，她终于掌握了养蚕、获得蚕茧、将蚕茧加工成丝线的一整套方法。这些经她之手生产出的丝线，与女蚕神所献的丝一样美丽光洁。嫘祖非常高兴，带领妇女们整天忙着抽丝、织出丝绸，然后为大家裁制漂亮的衣服。从此，养蚕、织布成为中国女性最主要的工作，而男性则负责狩猎和耕种粮食。

有了合适的衣料，嫘祖又开始研究如何更好地利用它们。她认为，应该将上衣和下身穿的衣服区分开来；另外，身份地位不同的人，应该穿不同的衣服，这样就可以很容易地将他们区分开来。

此后，嫘祖为推广蚕桑事业，教更多的人学会养蚕、治丝、织绢，到处奔走忙碌，最终病逝在路上。作为最早的养蚕人，她受到后世人们的尊敬，成为养蚕行业崇拜的女神。在古代，每年春天，中国皇帝都要模仿神农举行耕种仪式，而皇后则模仿嫘祖举行养蚕仪式。

由于嫘祖等人的发明创造，古代中国被称为丝绸之国。有了丝绸，才有了后来闻名世界、影响深远的“丝绸之路”。

Lei Zu Raises Silkworms and Weaves Cloth

Legend has it that other inventions were made by humans during the era of Huang Di, such as how to weave silk into fabrics and sew the fabric into clothing. People say that these things were accomplished under the leadership of Huang Di’s wife, Lei Zu, or Ancestress Lei.

When Huang Di held a victory celebration commemorating his triumph over Chi You, among the many guests was a young woman who was actually the goddess of silk, transformed into a human for the occasion. She made an offering to Huang Di of lustrous pure-white silk threads. At time, people already knew how to process animal skins into hides, and how to make useful fibers out of tree bark, but this beautiful material called silk was something new. The moment Lei Zu got hold of it, she began to weave it with her nimble hands into a piece of soft and light juen, which is a particular kind of silk fabric. She then used it to make a handsome set of ceremonial robes and a ceremonial hat for Huang Di.

At the time, Lei Zu was in charge of a group of people in the tribe who were charged with making clothes for people. Some were responsible for hats, some for clothes, some for shoes. They spent tremendous amounts of time processing the materials for these things, scraping bark off trees, weaving hemp into nets, processing animal hides. All of this was hard work.

After seeing the silk of the silkworms, Lei Zu realized that this would be a marvelous material for clothing. The silk that the goddess of silk had ‘spit out’ at the celebration was limited, however, so the question became how to find a continuous source of the raw silk. After asking the goddess in detail about how silkworms operate and where the silk comes from, she found out that silkworms must eat a particular kind of leaf that grows on the mulberry tree. She determined that she would find this tree so that people could raise their own silkworms.

She led the women in the tribe throughout the land, searching among all the trees, differentiating one from another and trying to locate mulberry trees. Work does not deter anyone who is determined, and in the end Lei Zu found a mulberry forest. Seen from afar, it appeared to be covered with white fruit. Looking at the fruit more closely, Lei Zu saw that this was in fact little white cases of silk. Each round encasement was being spit out by a wriggling silkworm that was hidden inside, and the encasements came to be called cocoons. Lei Zu took these cocoons home and boiled them in water, then used a stick to stir them so that the filaments adhered to the stick. Drawing these out, she found that she had fine white silken threads, like very soft hair.

At Lei Zu’s recommendation, Huang Di sent forth an edict that required people to plant a large number of mulberry trees, in order to provide an unending source of food for the silkworms. Lei Zu herself began to raise silkworms. After much experimentation, she finally learned how to do it properly and was able to raise silk as lustrous and beautiful as that offered to the emperor by the goddess of silk. Happy as she could be, Lei Zu now spent her days drawing silk from cocoons, then weaving silk with the other women, then sewing it into beautiful clothing. From this point on, raising and weaving silk became the primary occupation of women in China, while men were responsible for hunting and tilling the fields for grain.

Now that she had suitable material, Lei Zu began to research how better to use it. She felt that it would be good to distinguish clothing worn on the upper part of the body from that worn on the lower part, and also to use clothing to differentiate among different kinds of people. In this way, it would be easier to see at a glance who was who, by seeing what they wore.

After this, Lei Zu began to travel widely in promoting the silk industry, teaching more people how to raise silkworms, process the silk, and weave fabric, until and in the end she became ill and died along the way. As the first one to raise silkworms, she is revered by later generations and has herself become a venerated goddess in the silk industry. In olden times, every spring the emperor would perform a ceremony that ritually enacted the planting of grain by the god of agriculture,Shen Nong. The empress in turn ritually enacted the raising of silkworms as first done by Lei Zu.

Due to the inventions of people like Lei Zu, in ancient times, China was described as the country of silk. Given its silk, in later times it came to be at the end of the famous trade route known as the “Silk Road.”

前言/序言

前言

中国古代重视对儿童和青少年的教育，产生了多种流传很广的启蒙读物，以使学生加强修养，增长智慧。《三字经》《百家姓》《千字文》和《幼学琼林》就是这些蒙学读物中的佼佼者，它们的主要功能是使学生认识汉字，并对他们进行文化和品德教育。

这些蒙学读物内容通俗易懂，形式简单，读起来很像歌谣，非常适合读者朗读和背诵。对很多中国人来说，这些读物是对他们一生影响最大的书籍，他们通过这些读物认识汉字，了解中国的历史、地理、社会等多方面的知识，并受到品德教育。直到今天，中国人仍然喜爱和重视这些蒙学读物。

上面提到的四本书中，《千字文》产生最早，是南北朝时梁朝人编写的，4个字一句，共250句，1000个字，所以称为“千字文”。

《三字经》产生于宋代，并经过后人的修改。它每句3个字，所以叫“三字经”。全书总共约500句，其中讲的许多观念和道理，对中国人影响深远。《三字经》已经被联合国教科文组织选入儿童道德修养的必读书目，译成多国文字，在全世界范围内发行。

《百家姓》也产生于宋代，是有关中国人姓氏的启蒙读物，采用4个字一句的歌谣形式，共计568字，介绍了504个中国人的姓氏。

《幼学琼林》在这四本书里产生最晚，是明朝人编写的。它内容极为丰富，几乎是一部小型的自然和社会百科全书，所以有人说“读了《幼学》走天下”。

这些书中蕴藏着丰厚的中华民族历史文化传统，尤其是其中提到的那些隽永、生动的故事，令读者印象深刻。“中国蒙学经典故事”丛书从上述四本书中精选出一些在中国广泛流传的故事，以简短而生动有趣的文字讲述出来，通过它们，向全世界广大的读者介绍中华民族的历史文化知识和思想、道德观念。书中的故事分成若干现代人容易理解的类型，并配以幽默生动的漫画。

这套丛书不仅适合儿童和青少年，也适合广大对中国文化感兴趣、初步接触中国历史文化的读者。

Preface

The ancient China long ago has stressed on the child and youth education. Many primer readings spreading far and beyond came into focus, thus strengthening the cause of child upbringing and brightness. The Three Character Classic, the Hundreds Surnames, the Thousand Character Classic, and the Children's Knowledge Treasury are the best examples of such primer readings. Their main goal is to enable the child to learn characters and educate them about culture and morality.

The readings are easy to understand, and simple to read and recite as they resemble songs. They influenced the lives of many Chinese. They learned Chinese, as well as gaining knowledge on Chinese history, geography, and society. They are well-educated on morality too. Till today, Chinese still love and stress these readings.

Of the above-mentioned four books, the Thousand Character Classic came out earliest. It was compiled by a man of the Liang Dynasty. With four characters in each sentence, there are 250 sentences and 1,000 characters in the book. Due to this reason, the book is titled the Thousand Character Classic.

The Three Character Classic came out during the Song Dynasty times and was modified later. As it has three characters in each sentence, the book is titled the Three Character Classic. It comprises about 500 sentences. Many ideas and truths in it have profound impact on the Chinese people. UNESCO incorporated the book into a list of compulsory books dedicated for the child moral education. It was translated into many languages and circulated globally.

The Hundreds Surna 千字文（中英） [Tales From The Thousand Character Classic] 下载 mobi epub pdf txt 电子书 格式